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This will launch the Visual Studio Installer, which will bring up a dialog showing the available Visual Studio Build Tools workloads. Check the C build tools workload and select Install. Check your Microsoft Visual C installation. To use MSVC from a command line or VS Code, you must run from a Developer Command Prompt for Visual Studio. Developer Community for Visual Studio Product family. This site uses cookies for analytics, personalized content and ads. By continuing to browse this site, you agree to this use. C Amp doesnt work anymore. Visual C 2019. Visual studio. Problems with running EXE file built with Visual Studio on another computer. Ask Question Asked 7 years, 1 month ago. Active 5 months ago. Viewed 54k times 21. I created a client server application in C using Visual Studio. VIsual C executable not working. Running exe built with Code::Blocks on another computer-2. Jul 07, 2017 dev c debug, dev c debug not working, dev c debug watch variable, dev c debugger, dev c debugger not working.
-->Visual C++ includes a C compiler that you can use to create everything from basic console programs to full Windows Desktop applications, mobile apps, and more.
This walkthrough shows how to create a basic, 'Hello, World'-style C program by using a text editor, and then compile it on the command line. If you'd rather work in C++ on the command line, see Walkthrough: Compiling a Native C++ Program on the Command Line. If you'd like to try the Visual Studio IDE instead of using the command line, see Walkthrough: Working with Projects and Solutions (C++) or Using the Visual Studio IDE for C++ Desktop Development.
Prerequisites
To complete this walkthrough, you must have installed either Visual Studio and the optional Visual C++ components, or the Build Tools for Visual Studio.
Visual Studio is a powerful integrated development environment that supports a full-featured editor, resource managers, debuggers, and compilers for many languages and platforms. For information on these features and how to download and install Visual Studio, including the free Visual Studio Community edition, see Install Visual Studio.
The Build Tools for Visual Studio version of Visual Studio installs only the command-line toolset, the compilers, tools, and libraries you need to build C and C++ programs. It's perfect for build labs or classroom exercises and installs relatively quickly. To install only the command-line toolset, download Build Tools for Visual Studio from the Visual Studio downloads page and run the installer. In the Visual Studio installer, select the C++ build tools workload, and choose Install.
Before you can build a C or C++ program on the command line, you must verify that the tools are installed, and that you can access them from the command line. Visual C++ has complex requirements for the command-line environment to find the tools, headers, and libraries it uses. You can't use Visual C++ in a plain command prompt window without some preparation. You need a developer command prompt window, which is a regular command prompt window that has all the required environment variables set. Fortunately, Visual C++ installs shortcuts for you to launch developer command prompts that have the environment set up for command line builds. Unfortunately, the names of the developer command prompt shortcuts and where they're located are different in almost every version of Visual C++ and on different versions of Windows. Your first walkthrough task is to find the right shortcut to use.
Note
A developer command prompt shortcut automatically sets the correct paths for the compiler and tools, and for any required headers and libraries. Some of these values are different for each build configuration. You must set these environment values yourself if you don't use one of the shortcuts. For more information, see Set the Path and Environment Variables for Command-Line Builds. Because the build environment is complex, we strongly recommend you use a developer command prompt shortcut instead of building your own.
These instructions vary depending on which version of Visual Studio you are using. To see the documentation for your preferred version of Visual Studio, use the Version selector control. It's found at the top of the table of contents on this page.
Open a developer command prompt in Visual Studio 2019
If you have installed Visual Studio 2019 on Windows 10, open the Start menu, and then scroll down and open the Visual Studio 2019 folder (not the Visual Studio 2019 app). Choose Developer Command Prompt for VS 2019 to open the command prompt window.
If you're using a different version of Windows, look in your Start menu or Start page for a Visual Studio tools folder that contains a developer command prompt shortcut. You can also use the Windows search function to search for 'developer command prompt' and choose one that matches your installed version of Visual Studio. Use the shortcut to open the command prompt window.
Open a developer command prompt in Visual Studio 2017
If you have installed Visual Studio 2017 on Windows 10, open the Start menu, and then scroll down and open the Visual Studio 2017 folder (not the Visual Studio 2017 app). Choose Developer Command Prompt for VS 2017 to open the command prompt window.
If you're running a different version of Windows, look in your Start menu or Start page for a Visual Studio tools folder that contains a developer command prompt shortcut. You can also use the Windows search function to search for 'developer command prompt' and choose one that matches your installed version of Visual Studio. Use the shortcut to open the command prompt window.
Open a developer command prompt in Visual Studio 2015
If you have installed Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools 2015 on Windows 10, open the Start menu, and then scroll down and open the Visual C++ Build Tools folder. Choose Visual C++ 2015 x86 Native Tools Command Prompt to open the command prompt window.
If you're running a different version of Windows, look in your Start menu or Start page for a Visual Studio tools folder that contains a developer command prompt shortcut. You can also use the Windows search function to search for 'developer command prompt' and choose one that matches your installed version of Visual Studio. Use the shortcut to open the command prompt window.
Next, verify that the Visual C++ developer command prompt is set up correctly. In the command prompt window, enter
cl
and verify that the output looks something like this:There may be differences in the current directory or version numbers, depending on the version of Visual C++ and any updates installed. If the above output is similar to what you see, then you're ready to build C or C++ programs at the command line.
Note
If you get an error such as 'cl' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file,' error C1034, or error LNK1104 when you run the cl command, then either you are not using a developer command prompt, or something is wrong with your installation of Visual C++. You must fix this issue before you can continue.
If you can't find the developer command prompt shortcut, or if you get an error message when you enter
cl
, then your Visual C++ installation may have a problem. If you're using Visual Studio 2017 or later, try reinstalling the Desktop development with C++ workload in the Visual Studio installer. For details, see Install C++ support in Visual Studio. Or, reinstall the Build Tools from the Visual Studio downloads page. Don't go on to the next section until this works. For more information about installing and troubleshooting Visual Studio, see Install Visual Studio.Note
Depending on the version of Windows on the computer and the system security configuration, you might have to right-click to open the shortcut menu for the developer command prompt shortcut and then choose Run as Administrator to successfully build and run the program that you create by following this walkthrough.
Create a C source file and compile it on the command line
- In the developer command prompt window, enter
cd c:
to change the current working directory to the root of your C: drive. Next, entermd c:simple
to create a directory, and then entercd c:simple
to change to that directory. This directory will hold your source file and the compiled program. - Enter
notepad simple.c
at the developer command prompt. In the Notepad alert dialog that pops up, choose Yes to create a new simple.c file in your working directory. - In Notepad, enter the following lines of code:
- On the Notepad menu bar, choose File > Save to save simple.c in your working directory.
- Switch back to the developer command prompt window. Enter
dir
at the command prompt to list the contents of the c:simple directory. You should see the source file simple.c in the directory listing, which looks something like:The dates and other details will differ on your computer. If you don't see your source code file, simple.c, make sure you've changed to the c:simple directory you created, and in Notepad, make sure that you saved your source file in this directory. Also make sure that you saved the source code with a .c file name extension, not a .txt extension. - To compile your program, enter
cl simple.c
at the developer command prompt.You can see the executable program name, simple.exe, in the lines of output information that the compiler displays:NoteIf you get an error such as 'cl' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file,' error C1034, or error LNK1104, your developer command prompt is not set up correctly. For information on how to fix this issue, go back to the Open a developer command prompt section.NoteIf you get a different compiler or linker error or warning, review your source code to correct any errors, then save it and run the compiler again. For information about specific errors, use the search box at the top of this page to look for the error number. - To run your program, enter
simple
at the command prompt.The program displays this text and then exits:Congratulations, you've compiled and run a C program by using the command line.
Next steps
This 'Hello, World' example is about as simple as a C program can get. Real world programs have header files and more source files, link in libraries, and do useful work.
You can use the steps in this walkthrough to build your own C code instead of typing the sample code shown. You can also build many C code sample programs that you find elsewhere. To compile a program that has additional source code files, enter them all on the command line, like:
cl file1.c file2.c file3.c
The compiler outputs a program called file1.exe. To change the name to program1.exe, add an /out linker option:
cl file1.c file2.c file3.c /link /out:program1.exe
And to catch more programming mistakes automatically, we recommend you compile by using either the /W3 or /W4 warning level option:
cl /W4 file1.c file2.c file3.c /link /out:program1.exe
The compiler, cl.exe, has many more options you can apply to build, optimize, debug, and analyze your code. For a quick list, enter
cl /?
at the developer command prompt. You can also compile and link separately and apply linker options in more complex build scenarios. For more information on compiler and linker options and usage, see C/C++ Building Reference.You can use NMAKE and makefiles, or MSBuild and project files to configure and build more complex projects on the command line. For more information on using these tools, see NMAKE Reference and MSBuild.
The C and C++ languages are similar, but not the same. The Microsoft C/C++ compiler (MSVC) uses a simple rule to determine which language to use when it compiles your code. By default, the MSVC compiler treats all files that end in .c as C source code, and all files that end in .cpp as C++ source code. To force the compiler to treat all files as C non-dependent of file name extension, use the /Tc compiler option.
MSVC is compatible with the ISO C99 standard, but not strictly compliant. In most cases, portable C code will compile and run as expected. Visual C++ doesn't support most of the changes in ISO C11. Certain library functions and POSIX function names are deprecated by MSVC. The functions are supported, but the preferred names have changed. For more information, see Security Features in the CRT and Compiler Warning (level 3) C4996.
See also
Walkthrough: Creating a Standard C++ Program (C++)
C Language Reference
Projects and build systems
Compatibility
C Language Reference
Projects and build systems
Compatibility
In this tutorial, you will configure Visual Studio Code to use the GCC C++ compiler (g++) and GDB debugger on Ubuntu in the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL). GCC stands for GNU Compiler Collection; GDB is the GNU debugger. WSL is a Linux environment within Windows that runs directly on the machine hardware, not in a virtual machine.
Note: Much of this tutorial is applicable to working with C++ and VS Code directly on a Linux machine.
Visual Studio Code has support for working directly in WSL with the Remote - WSL extension. We recommend this mode of WSL development, where all your source code files, in addition to the compiler, are hosted on the Linux distro. For more background, see VS Code Remote Development.
After completing this tutorial, you will be ready to create and configure your own C++ project, and to explore the VS Code documentation for further information about its many features. This tutorial does not teach you about GCC or Linux or the C++ language. For those subjects, there are many good resources available on the Web.
If you have any problems, feel free to file an issue for this tutorial in the VS Code documentation repository.
Prerequisites
To successfully complete this tutorial, you must do the following steps:
- Install Visual Studio Code.
- Install the Remote - WSL extension.
- Install Windows Subsystem for Linux and then use the links on that same page to install your Linux distribution of choice. This tutorial uses Ubuntu. During installation, remember your Linux user password because you'll need it to install additional software.
Set up your Linux environment
- Open the Bash shell for WSL. If you installed an Ubuntu distro, type 'Ubuntu' in the Windows search box and then click on it in the result list. For Debian, type 'Debian', and so on.The shell appears with a command prompt that by default consists of your user name and computer name, and puts you in your home directory. For Ubuntu it looks like this:
- Make a directory called
projects
and then subdirectory under that calledhelloworld
: - Although you will be using VS Code to edit your source code, you'll be compiling the source code on Linux using the g++ compiler. You'll also debug on Linux using GDB. These tools are not installed by default on Ubuntu, so you have to install them. Fortunately, that task is quite easy!
- From the WSL command prompt, first run
apt-get update
to update the Ubuntu package lists. An out-of-date distro can sometimes interfere with attempts to install new packages.If you like, you can runsudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
to also download the latest versions of the system packages, but this can take significantly longer depending on your connection speed. - From the command prompt, install the GNU compiler tools and the GDB debugger by typing:
- Verify that the install succeeded by locating g++ and gdb. If the filenames are not returned from the
whereis
https://showcaseven.weebly.com/fruity-loops-vst-plugins-free-download.html. command, try running the update command again.
Note: The setup steps for installing the g++ compiler and GDB debugger apply if you are working directly on a Linux machine rather than in WSL. Running VS Code in your helloworld project, as well as the editing, building, and debugging steps are the same.
Run VS Code in WSL
Navigate to your helloworld project folder and launch VS Code from the WSL terminal with
code .
:You'll see a message about 'Installing VS Code Server'. VS Code is downloading and installing a small server on the Linux side that the desktop VS Code will then talk to. VS Code will then start and open the
helloWorld
folder. The File Explorer shows that VS Code is now running in the context of WSL with the title bar [WSL: Ubuntu].You can also tell the remote context from the Status bar.
If you click on the Remote Status bar item, you will see a dropdown of Remote commands appropriate for the session. For example, if you want to end your session running in WSL, you can select the Close Remote Connection command from the dropdown. Running
code .
from your WSL command prompt will restart VS Code running in WSL.The code . command opened VS Code in the current working folder, which becomes your 'workspace'. As you go through the tutorial, you will see three files created in a
.vscode
folder in the workspace:c_cpp_properties.json
(compiler path and IntelliSense settings)tasks.json
(build instructions)launch.json
(debugger settings)
Add a source code file
In the File Explorer title bar, select the New File button and name the file
helloworld.cpp
.Install the C/C++ extension
Once you create the file and VS Code detects it is a C++ language file, you may be prompted to install the Microsoft C/C++ extension if you don't already have it installed.
Choose Install and then Reload Required when the button is displayed in the Extensions view to complete installing the C/C++ extension.
If you already have C/C++ language extensions installed locally in VS Code, you'll need to go to the Extensions view (⇧⌘X (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+X)) and install those extensions into WSL. Locally installed extensions can be installed into WSL by selecting the Install in WSL button and then Reload Required.
Add hello world source code
Now paste in this source code:
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Now press ⌘S (Windows, Linux Ctrl+S) to save the file. Notice how the file you just added appears in the File Explorer view (⇧⌘E (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+E)) in the side bar of VS Code:
You can also enable Auto Save to automatically save your file changes, by checking Auto Save in the main File menu.
The Activity Bar on the far left lets you open different views such as Search, Source Control, and Run. You'll look at the Run view later in this tutorial. You can find out more about the other views in the VS Code User Interface documentation.
Explore IntelliSense
In your new
helloworld.cpp
file, hover over vector
or string
to see type information. After the declaration of the msg
variable, start typing msg.
as you would when calling a member function. You should immediately see a completion list that shows all the member functions, and a window that shows the type information for the msg
object:You can press the Tab key to insert the selected member; then, when you add the opening parenthesis, you will see information about any arguments that the function requires.
Build helloworld.cpp
Next, you will create a
tasks.json
file to tell VS Code how to build (compile) the program. This task will invoke the g++ compiler on WSL to create an executable file based on the source code.From the main menu, choose Terminal > Configure Default Build Task. In the dropdown, which will display a tasks dropdown listing various predefined build tasks for C++ compilers. Choose g++ build active file, which will build the file that is currently displayed (active) in the editor.
This will create a
tasks.json
file in a .vscode
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tasks.json
file should look similar to the JSON below:The
command
setting specifies the program to run; in this case that is g++. The args
array specifies the command-line arguments that will be passed to g++. These arguments must be specified in the order expected by the compiler. This task tells g++ to take the active file (${file}
), compile it, and create an executable file in the current directory (${fileDirname}
) with the same name as the active file but without an extension (${fileBasenameNoExtension}
), resulting in helloworld
for our example.Note: You can learn more about
task.json
variables in the variables reference.The
label
value is what you will see in the tasks list; you can name this whatever you like.The
'isDefault': true
value in the group
object specifies that this task will be run when you press ⇧⌘B (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+B). This property is for convenience only; if you set it to false, you can still run it from the Terminal menu with Tasks: Run Build Task.Running the build
- Go back to
helloworld.cpp
. Your task builds the active file and you want to buildhelloworld.cpp
. - To run the build task defined in
tasks.json
, press ⇧⌘B (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+B) or from the Terminal main menu choose Tasks: Run Build Task. - When the task starts, you should see the Integrated Terminal panel appear below the source code editor. After the task completes, the terminal shows output from the compiler that indicates whether the build succeeded or failed. For a successful g++ build, the output looks something like this: Kurzweil vst plugin download 3 1 2016.
- Create a new terminal using the + button and you'll have a bash terminal running in the context of WSL with the
helloworld
folder as the working directory. Runls
and you should now see the executablehelloworld
(no file extension). - You can run
helloworld
in the terminal by typing./helloworld
.
Modifying tasks.json
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You can modify your
tasks.json
to build multiple C++ files by using an argument like '${workspaceFolder}/*.cpp'
instead of ${file}
. You can also modify the output filename by replacing '${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}'
with a hard-coded filename (for example 'helloworld.out').Debug helloworld.cpp
Next, you'll create a
launch.json
file to configure VS Code to launch the GDB debugger when you press F5 to debug the program. From the main menu, choose Run > Add Configuration.. and then choose C++ (GDB/LLDB).You'll then see a dropdown for various predefined debugging configurations. Choose g++ build and debug active file.
VS Code creates a
launch.json
file, opens it in the editor, and builds and runs 'helloworld'.The
program
setting specifies the program you want to debug. Here it is set to the active file folder ${fileDirname}
and active filename without an extension ${fileBasenameNoExtension}
, which if helloworld.cpp
is the active file will be helloworld
.By default, the C++ extension won't add any breakpoints to your source code and the
stopAtEntry
value is set to false
. Change the stopAtEntry
value to true
to cause the debugger to stop on the main
method when you start debugging.The remaining steps are provided as an optional exercise to help you get familiar with the editing and debugging experience.
Start a debugging session
- Go back to
helloworld.cpp
so that it is the active file. - Press F5 or from the main menu choose Run > Start Debugging. Before you start stepping through the code, let's take a moment to notice several changes in the user interface:
- The Integrated Terminal appears at the bottom of the source code editor. In the Debug Output tab, you see output that indicates the debugger is up and running.
- The editor highlights the first statement in the
main
method. This is a breakpoint that the C++ extension automatically sets for you: - The Run view on the left shows debugging information. You'll see an example later in the tutorial.
- At the top of the code editor, a debugging control panel appears. You can move this around the screen by grabbing the dots on the left side.
Step through the code
Now you're ready to start stepping through the code.
- Click or press the Step over icon in the debugging control panel.This will advance program execution to the first line of the for loop, and skip over all the internal function calls within the
vector
andstring
classes that are invoked when themsg
variable is created and initialized. Notice the change in the Variables window on the left.In this case, the errors are expected because, although the variable names for the loop are now visible to the debugger, the statement has not executed yet, so there is nothing to read at this point. The contents ofmsg
are visible, however, because that statement has completed. - Press Step over again to advance to the next statement in this program (skipping over all the internal code that is executed to initialize the loop). Now, the Variables window shows information about the loop variables.
- Press Step over again to execute the
cout
statement. (Note that as of the March 2019 release, the C++ extension does not print any output to the Debug Console until the loop exits.) - If you like, you can keep pressing Step over until all the words in the vector have been printed to the console. But if you are curious, try pressing the Step Into button to step through source code in the C++ standard library!To return to your own code, one way is to keep pressing Step over. Another way is to set a breakpoint in your code by switching to the
helloworld.cpp
tab in the code editor, putting the insertion point somewhere on thecout
statement inside the loop, and pressing F9. A red dot appears in the gutter on the left to indicate that a breakpoint has been set on this line.Then press F5 to start execution from the current line in the standard library header. Execution will break oncout
. If you like, you can press F9 again to toggle off the breakpoint.When the loop has completed, you can see the output in the Debug Console tab of the integrated terminal, along with some other diagnostic information that is output by GDB.
Set a watch
Sometimes you might want to keep track of the value of a variable as your program executes. You can do this by setting a watch on the variable.
- Place the insertion point inside the loop. In the Watch window, click the plus sign and in the text box, type
word
, which is the name of the loop variable. Now view the Watch window as you step through the loop. - Add another watch by adding this statement before the loop:
int i = 0;
. Then, inside the loop, add this statement:++i;
. Now add a watch fori
as you did in the previous step. - To quickly view the value of any variable while execution is paused on a breakpoint, you can hover over it with the mouse pointer.
C/C++ configurations
If you want more control over the C/C++ extension, you can create a
c_cpp_properties.json
file, which will allow you to change settings such as the path to the compiler, include paths, C++ standard (default is C++17), and more.You can view the C/C++ configuration UI by running the command C/C++: Edit Configurations (UI) from the Command Palette (⇧⌘P (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+P)).
This opens the C/C++ Configurations page. When you make changes here, VS Code writes them to a file called
c_cpp_properties.json
in the .vscode
folder.You only need to modify the Include path setting if your program includes header files that are not in your workspace or in the standard library path.
Visual Studio Code places these settings in
.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json
. If you open that file directly, it should look something like this:Closing the WSL session
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When you are done working in WSL, you can close your remote session with the Close Remote Connection command available in the main File menu and the Command Palette (⇧⌘P (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+P)). This will restart VS Code running locally. You can easily reopen your WSL session from the File > Open Recent list by selecting folders with the [WSL] suffix.
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Next steps
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- Explore the VS Code User Guide.
- Review the Overview of the C++ extension.
- Create a new workspace, copy your .json files to it, adjust the necessary settings for the new workspace path, program name, and so on, and start coding!